The origin of the Big Bang theory is accredited to Edwin Hubble who invented a grand telescope that was placed in space to teach and show us about the beginning of the universe.
Edwin Hubble’s telescope
According to scientists, the Big Bang was an explosion of an infinitely hot and infinitely dense mass containing all the matter in the universe 15 billion years ago. The size of the mass matter was smaller than a marble.
Explosion of the ball
After the first three minutes the universe began to expand, the temperature started to get lower and the density decreased and produced water. Then the universe was like a plasma soup.
After the first three minutes
One billion years ago, after the explosion protons and neutrons combined each other to become atoms. Atoms gave chemical stability to the young universe; the radiation fog began to disappear.
Atoms
13 billion years ago, the force of gravity had started forming galaxies and clouds of dust started forming stars, sun, the solar system and finally the earth.
Cosmic Microwave
5 billion years ago the Milky Way was already formed. A Super Nova exploded sending iron, carbon and oxygen into space. Later on, sunlight produced bacteria, algae and the basics ingredients of life which are carbon, water and energy.
Milky Way
Super Nova
4 billion years ago biological life appeared on the planet earth, thanks to the Blue-Green Bacteria that had oxygenated the earth’s atmosphere. According to scientists that was the beginning of the evolution of plants and animals which include bacteria, algae, fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals which include monkeys.
Bacteria
Algae
Fish
Amphibians
Reptiles
Birds
Mammals
Finally, 4 million years ago the human branch diverged from the monkey ancestors to become Homo sapiens.
Homo sapiens
The universe since the Big Bang until now
The theory of evolution
The theory of evolution says that human beings are a result of an evolutionary process that began 4 million years ago with monkeys.
Monkey
The first branch that emerged from monkeys was the orangutan 15 million years ago.
Orangutan
Fallowed by the gorilla 10 million years ago.
Gorilla
Then, appeared the chimpanzee 5 million years ago.
Chimpanzee
Later on, 4 million years ago Homo sapiens appeared.
Homo sapiens
Beginning with the human branch, the first important species was Australopithecus Afarensis an example from this Australopithecus Afarensis is the fossil named Lucy. She lived 3.5 million years ago. She was found in 1974. Her weight among 50 to 55 pounds; her height was 3.5 to 4 feet. Paleontologists believe that Lucy had babies because she had open hips. One of the Lucy’s babies is a fossil named Salem, found in December, 2000 by a discovery team led by Dr. Alemseged. Salem was 3 years old at death.
Lucy’s skeleton
Salem (Lucy’s baby)
The second important species was Australopithecus Africanus. Raymond Dart found in 1924 the skull of an African child that was 3 million years old.
Australopithecus Africanus
The third branch is Homo Erectus who lived 2 million years ago. Scientists supposed that Homo erectus were the first to leave Africa. The important fossil from this species was the Turkana Boy who lived 1.5 million years ago. He was a teenager who looked almost like a human; he was an upright walker. In addition, Homo Erectus was the first to invent fire.
Homo erectus
After the third branch came pre-Homo Sapiens 1.5 million years ago. Then, 1 million years ago Homo sapiens Appeared. Additionally, the species to which all living human beings on this planet belong is Homo sapiens.
Pre-Homo Sapiens
Homo sapiens
The last species was Homo sapiens sapiens. They began 200,000 years ago. According to scientists, a woman from Africa is considered the mother of modern human beings; she is supposed to have lived 200,000 years ago.
Homo sapiens sapiens (Modern human)
Human evolution since the beginning the evolution:
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